From 04e17ed14fa8ab46c595c4f9e5c68edee404f802 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Johann Dreo <johann.dreo@thalesgroup.com>
Date: Tue, 18 Mar 2014 11:11:05 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] Adds an Ant Colony Algorithm for euclidian TSP

---
 ant_colony.py | 162 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 162 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 ant_colony.py

diff --git a/ant_colony.py b/ant_colony.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a34a52f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ant_colony.py
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+import sys
+import math
+import random
+from collections import Counter
+
+
+def log( *args ):
+    for msg in args:
+        sys.stderr.write( str(msg) )
+        sys.stderr.write(" ")
+        sys.stderr.flush()
+
+
+def logn( *args ):
+    log( *args )
+    log("\n")
+
+def tour(lst):
+    # consecutive pairs in lst  + last-to-first element
+    for a,b in zip(lst, lst[1:] + [lst[0]]):
+        yield (a,b)
+
+
+def euclidian_distance( ci, cj ):
+    return math.sqrt( float(ci[0] - cj[0])**2 + float(ci[1] - cj[1])**2 )
+
+
+def cost( permutation, cost_func, cities ):
+    dist = 0
+    for i,j in tour(permutation):
+        dist += cost_func(cities[i],cities[j])
+    return dist
+
+
+def random_permutation( cities ):
+    # like random.shuffle(cities) but on a copy
+    return sorted( cities, key=lambda i: random.random())
+
+
+def initialize_pheromone_matrix( nb_cities, init_value ):
+    rows = []
+    for i in range(nb_cities):
+        cols = []
+        for j in range(nb_cities):
+            cols.append( init_value )
+        rows.append(cols)
+    return rows
+
+
+def choose( cities, last, exclude, pheromones, w_heuristic, w_history ):
+    choices = []
+    for i,city in enumerate(cities):
+        if i in exclude:
+            continue
+        c = {"city" : i}
+        c["history"]   = pheromones[last][i] ** w_history
+        c["distance"]  = euclidian_distance( cities[last], city )
+        c["heuristic"] = (1.0 / c["distance"]) ** w_heuristic
+        c["proba"] = c["history"] * c["heuristic"]
+        choices.append(c)
+    return choices
+
+
+def proba_select( choices ):
+    s = sum( c["proba"] for c in choices )
+    if s == 0.0:
+        return random.choice(choices)["city"]
+
+    v = random.random()
+    for i,c in enumerate(choices):
+        v -= c["proba"] / s
+        if v <= 0.0:
+            return c["city"]
+
+    return c[-1]["city"]
+
+
+def greedy_select( choices ):
+    c = max( choices, key = lambda c : c["proba"] )
+    return c["city"]
+
+
+def walk( cities, pheromone, w_heuristic, c_greedy ):
+    assert( len(cities) > 0 )
+    # permutations are indices
+    # randomly draw the first city index
+    permutation = [ random.randint(0,len(cities)-1) ]
+    # then choose the next ones to build the permutation
+    while len(permutation) < len(cities):
+        choices = choose( cities, permutation[-1], permutation, pheromone, w_heuristic, w_history = 1.0 )
+        do_greedy = ( random.random() <= c_greedy )
+        if do_greedy:
+            next_city = greedy_select( choices )
+        else:
+            next_city = proba_select( choices )
+        permutation.append( next_city )
+
+    # assert no duplicates
+    assert( max(Counter(permutation).values()) == 1 )
+    return permutation
+
+
+def update_global( pheromones, candidate, decay ):
+    for i,j in tour(candidate["permutation"]):
+        value = ((1.0 - decay) * pheromones[i][j]) + (decay * (1.0/candidate["cost"]))
+        pheromones[i][j] = value
+        pheromones[j][i] = value
+
+
+def update_local( pheromones, candidate, w_pheromone, init_pheromone ):
+    for i,j in tour(candidate["permutation"]):
+        value = ((1.0 - w_pheromone) * pheromones[i][j]) + (w_pheromone * init_pheromone)
+        pheromones[i][j] = value
+        pheromones[j][i] = value
+
+
+def search( max_iterations, nb_ants, decay, w_heuristic, w_pheromone, c_greedy, cities):
+    best = { "permutation" : random_permutation(range(len(cities))) }
+    best["cost"] = cost( best["permutation"], euclidian_distance, cities )
+    init_pheromone = 1.0 / float(len(cities)) * best["cost"]
+    pheromone = initialize_pheromone_matrix( len(cities), init_pheromone )
+    for i in range(max_iterations):
+        log( i )
+        solutions = []
+        for j in range(nb_ants):
+            log( "." )
+            candidate = {}
+            candidate["permutation"] = walk( cities, pheromone, w_heuristic, c_greedy )
+            candidate["cost"] = cost( candidate["permutation"], euclidian_distance, cities )
+            if candidate["cost"] < best["cost"]:
+                best = candidate
+            update_local( pheromone, candidate, w_pheromone, init_pheromone )
+        update_global( pheromone, best, decay )
+        logn( best["cost"] )
+
+    return best
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    max_it = 40
+    num_ants = 10
+    decay = 0.1
+    c_heur = 2.5
+    c_local_phero = 0.1
+    c_greed = 0.9
+
+    print "Berlin euclidian TSP"
+    berlin52 = [[565,575],[25,185],[345,750],[945,685],[845,655],
+          [880,660],[25,230],[525,1000],[580,1175],[650,1130],[1605,620],
+          [1220,580],[1465,200],[1530,5],[845,680],[725,370],[145,665],
+          [415,635],[510,875],[560,365],[300,465],[520,585],[480,415],
+          [835,625],[975,580],[1215,245],[1320,315],[1250,400],[660,180],
+          [410,250],[420,555],[575,665],[1150,1160],[700,580],[685,595],
+          [685,610],[770,610],[795,645],[720,635],[760,650],[475,960],
+          [95,260],[875,920],[700,500],[555,815],[830,485],[1170,65],
+          [830,610],[605,625],[595,360],[1340,725],[1740,245]]
+
+    best = search( max_it, num_ants, decay, c_heur, c_local_phero, c_greed, berlin52 )
+    print best["cost"], best["permutation"]
+