Added some explanations about the memory mangement (through eoFunctorStore)
This commit is contained in:
evomarc
parent
c7743f88ef
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5 changed files with 266 additions and 86 deletions
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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.75 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.2.17-21mdk i686) [Netscape]">
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.78 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.4.7-10 i686) [Netscape]">
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<title>Tutorial: Lesson 3</title>
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</head>
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<body text="#000000" link="#0000EE" vlink="#551A8B" alink="#FF0000" background="beige009.jpg">
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@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ See the parameter section of the Component-Based tutorial, or wait until
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class, whose only purpose is the input of parameters.</font></li>
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</ul>
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<hr WIDTH="50%"><A NAME="paraminput"><b><font color="#000099">eoParser:</font><font color="#FF0000">
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<hr WIDTH="50%"><a NAME="paraminput"></a><b><font color="#000099">eoParser:</font><font color="#FF0000">
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Modifying parameter values at run-time:</font></b>
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<br><font color="#000000">Using an eoParser object, the parameter values
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are read, by order of priority</font>
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@ -172,10 +172,10 @@ the general syntax to modify parameter value at run-time is (either from
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the command-line or in a text file)</li>
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<br>
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<b><tt><font color="#660000">--longKeyword=value</font></tt></b>
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or <b><tt><font color="#660000">-cvalue</font></tt></b>
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if 'c' is the short keyword (though <b><tt><font color="#660000">-c=value</font></tt></b> also works)
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if 'c' is the short keyword (though <b><tt><font color="#660000">-c=value</font></tt></b>
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also works)
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<br>
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<li>
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so, after compiling the executable for Lesson 3 (<b><tt><font color="#FF6666">make
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@ -183,12 +183,10 @@ lesson3</font></tt></b> at system prompt in Unix), you can try to type
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in</li>
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<br>
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<b><tt><font color="#FF6666">SecondBitEA</font></tt></b>
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<br>and see the algorithm run as before (OneMax optimized on 8-bits bitstrings).
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But you can now type in
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<br>
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<b><tt><font color="#FF6666">SecondBitEA --vecSize=100</font></tt></b>
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<br>and see the output of the optimization of OneMax on 100-bit bitstrings.
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<br>
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@ -196,7 +194,6 @@ But you can now type in
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Take a look at all available parameters by typing in</li>
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<br>
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<b><tt><font color="#FF6666">SecondBitEA --help</font></tt></b>
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<br>or by going into the code: all parameter inputs have been grouped in
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the
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@ -208,7 +205,8 @@ it contains the list of all actual parameters used, and can directly be
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used as parameter input file: change the file name (e.g. to <b><tt><font color="#660000">SecondBitEA.param</font></tt></b>),
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edit it, change whichever parameter you want, and type in</li>
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<br>
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<br>
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<b><tt><font color="#FF6666">SecondBitEA @SecondBitEA.param</font></tt></b>
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<br>and you will see all values that you defined into the file taken into
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account.
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@ -247,7 +245,9 @@ of eoParam returns a reference, so you can eventually modify its value
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somewhere else later (though of course this is not any useful for variable
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<b><tt><font color="#660000">seed</font></tt></b>!).</li>
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</ul>
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There is however another way to achieve the same result in less lines of
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code - with a different memory management (see <a href="eoLesson4.html#parameters">Lesson4</a>).
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<br>
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<hr WIDTH="100%">
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<br><a NAME="state"></a><b><font color="#000099"><font size=+2>eoState:
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saving and loading</font></font></b><font color="#000000">You might have
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@ -276,7 +276,11 @@ method, as done <a href="SecondBitEA.html#loadstate">here</a>.</font>
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method for an </font><b><tt><font color="#3366FF">eoState</font></tt></b><font color="#000000">
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object anywhere in the code. But the <a href="#statesaver">checkpointing</a>
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mechanism offers you better ways to do that - and it's so easy ....</font>
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<p>
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<p>Note that an eoState alos has another use in EO whan it comes to memory
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management: it can be a repository of pointers that are not allocated within
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obects - allowing to delete them by simply deleting the eoState (see <a href="eoLesson4.html#memory">Lesson
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4)</a>.
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<br>
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<hr WIDTH="100%"><a NAME="checkpoint"></a><b><font color="#000099"><font size=+2>eoCheckpoint:
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every generation I'd like to ...</font></font></b>
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<br><font color="#000000">The checkpointing mechanism is a very powerful
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@ -544,4 +548,4 @@ documentation</a></font></font></b>
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<br><!-- Created: Fri Nov 3 18:49:12 CET 2000 --><!-- hhmts start -->Last
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modified: None of your business!<!-- hhmts end -->
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</body>
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</html>
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</html>
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@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.75 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.2.17-21mdk i686) [Netscape]">
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.78 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.4.7-10 i686) [Netscape]">
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<title>Tutorial: Lesson 4</title>
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</head>
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<body text="#000000" link="#0000EE" vlink="#551A8B" alink="#FF0000" background="beige009.jpg">
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<a href="eoLesson2.html">Lesson 3</a> -
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<a href="eoLesson4.html">Lesson
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<a href="eoLesson3.html">Lesson 3</a> -
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<a href="eoLesson5.html">Lesson
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5</a> -
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<a href="eoTutorial.html">Main page</a> -
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<a href="eoTopDown.html">Algorithm-Based</a>
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@ -485,8 +485,8 @@ Bounds for uniform initialization of the real variables. The syntax for
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this parameter given in the </font><b><tt><font color="#CC33CC"><font size=+1>objectBounds</font></font></tt></b><font color="#000000">
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parameter description below. This argument is mandatory, furthermore the
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given bounds </font><b><font color="#FF6600">must be bounded</font></b><font color="#000000">.
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</font><font color="#FF0000">The default is [-1,1]</font><font color="#000000">
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for all variables.</font>
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</font><font color="#FF0000">The
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default is [-1,1]</font><font color="#000000"> for all variables.</font>
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<br>Note that this parameter is independent of the <b><tt><font color="#CC33CC"><font size=+1>objectBounds</font></font></tt></b>
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parameter below.
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<p><b><tt><font color="#CC33CC"><font size=+1># --sigmaInit=0.3 # -s :
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@ -726,10 +726,88 @@ correlated mutation. </font><font color="#FF0000">Default is 0.0873</font><font
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<p>
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<hr WIDTH="100%">
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<br><a NAME="programmerguide"></a><b><font color="#000099"><font size=+2>Programmer's
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guide
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<hr WIDTH="100%"></font></font></b><font color="#000000"><a href="eoLesson2.html">Lesson
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guide</font></font></b>
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<p>At the moment, you will have to browse in the source (colored!) code
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(<a href="BitEA.html">Bit</a> - Real) almost by yourself, sorry.
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<p>Note that the main file is now very slim, as it only contains calls
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to some <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1>make_xxx</font></font></tt></b>
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functions - these functions contain the actual code, very similar to the
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code of Lesson3, except for the memory management, performed through an
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<b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1><a href="../../doc/html/classeo_state.html">eoState</a></font></font></tt></b>
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object (notice that all <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1>make_xxx</font></font></tt></b>
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calls have an eoState as second parameter).
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<p><b><font color="#000099"><font size=+2>Programmer's guide: </font></font><font color="#FF0000">The
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make_xxx files</font></b>
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<p><b><font color="#FF0000">Interface</font></b>: all <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1>make_xxx</font></font></tt></b>
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files have as first two parameters an <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1><a href="../../doc/html/classeo_parser.html">eoParser</a></font></font></tt></b>
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and an <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1><a href="../../doc/html/classeo_state.html">eoState</a></font></font></tt></b>.
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The <b><tt><font color="#3366FF"><font size=+1>eoParser</font></font></tt></b>
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is be used within all functions to parse the command-line and/or a parameter
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file in order to read any relevant user-parameter, while the <b><tt><font color="#3366FF"><font size=+1>eoState</font></font></tt></b>
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is used here to store all pointers to be allocated inside the function
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(see <a href="eoProgramming.html#memory">Programming hints</a> for more
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detailed explanations).
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<p>There are 2 types of <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1>make_xxx</font></font></tt></b>
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files: the ones that do depend on representation, defining the <b><font color="#FF9900">genotype
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</font></b>and
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<b><font color="#CC33CC">initialization</font></b> (<b><tt><font color="#CC33CC"><font size=+1>make_genotype_xxx</font></font></tt></b>,
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with xxx being the type of genotype) and variation operators (<b><tt><font color="#CC33CC"><font size=+1>make_op_xxx</font></font></tt></b>),
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and the one that are truly representation-independent (<b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1>make_pop,
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make_continue, make _checkpoint, make_algo </font></font></tt></b><font color="#000000">and</font><b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1>
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make_run</font></font></tt></b>).
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<br>The former are located in the directory corresponding to the actual
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genotype (<b><tt><font color="#FF9900"><font size=+1>src/ga</font></font></tt></b>
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for eoBit, <b><tt><font color="#FF9900"><font size=+1>src/es</font></font></tt></b>
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for eoReal and all eoESxxx genotypes). The latter are in the directory
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<b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1>src/do.</font></font></tt></b>
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<p>If you take a close look at the code of <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1><a href="../../src/do/make_continue.h">make_continue</a></font></font></tt></b>
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for instance, you will first notice that ... the function declared there
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is called <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1>do_make_continue</font></font></tt></b>
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and is not <a href="BitEA.html#continue">the one you are calling</a> in
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the main file, though it has the same parameters as arguments.
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<br>The explanation lies within the file <b><tt><font color="#FF9900"><font size=+1>make_continue_xxx.cpp</font></font></tt></b>
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(with xxx = ga or real/es)which, as its color (and name) should have
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told you about, are representation-dependent: in fact the <b><tt><font color="#FF9900"><font size=+1>make_continue_xxx.cpp</font></font></tt></b>
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files only instanciates the general <EOT> template into one of the possible
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template for eoBit or eoReal/eoES - and this trick allows to <b><font color="#FF6600">compile
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them separately</font></b>!
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<p>The other thing that you should notice is that the code there is very
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similar to the code that was in Lesson 3, regarding parameter reading
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and type of object that are allocated - except for memory management. This
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goes for all <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1>make_xxx</font></font></tt></b>
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files - so the only thing you need to understand how it goes is to look
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at the <a href="#memory">memory management section</a>.
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<p><b><font color="#FF0000">Pros</font></b>: you don't have to handle a
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huge main function - and many of the make_xxx files can be directly used
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in different applications (this is called <b><font color="#FF6600">modularity</font></b>
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:-)))
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<br>More interesting, you can even <b><font color="#FF6600">compile</font></b>
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the <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1>make_xxx</font></font></tt></b>
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files <b><font color="#FF6600">separately</font></b> for a given target
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template, and link them e.g. with your fitness function when it is ready
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(remember that up to now you needed to compile everything altogether by
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including the code into your mail fine). Indeed, if you do a global make,
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you will notice that there are additional libraries compiled in <b><tt><font color="#FF9900"><font size=+1>src/ga</font></font></tt></b>
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and <b><tt><font color="#FF9900"><font size=+1>src/es</font></font></tt></b>
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...
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<p><b><font color="#FF0000">Cons</font></b>: It makes the code a little
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more complex to understand, first because of the indirection needed for
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pre-compilation with a given template, and second because of the memory
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management that this imposes.
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<p><a NAME="memory"></a><b><font color="#000099"><font size=+2>Programmer's
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guide: </font></font><font color="#FF0000">Memory management</font></b>
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<br>As already said, all functions have an <b><tt><font color="#3366FF"><font size=+1>eoState</font></font></tt></b>
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as second argument - and that object is used to store the functor objects
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that were simply declared as variables of the main function up to now :
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see <a href="eoProgramming.html#memory">Programming hints</a> for more
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detailed explanations and take a look at the code of <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1><a href="../../src/do/make_continue.h">make_continue</a></font></font></tt></b>
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for instance, you will see the implementation of the memory management
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in action.
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<br>
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<p>
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<hr WIDTH="100%"><font color="#000000"><a href="eoLesson3.html">Lesson
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3</a> -
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<a href="eoLesson4.html">Lesson 5</a> -
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<a href="eoLesson5.html">Lesson 5</a> -
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<a href="eoTutorial.html">Main
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page</a> -
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<a href="eoTopDown.html">Algorithm-Based</a> - <a href="eoBottomUp.html">Component-Based</a>
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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.75 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.2.17-21mdk i686) [Netscape]">
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.78 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.4.7-10 i686) [Netscape]">
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<title>Variation Operators</title>
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</head>
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<body text="#000000" link="#0000EF" vlink="#51188E" alink="#FF0000" background="beige009.jpg">
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@ -148,27 +148,27 @@ an eoQuad object.
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<br>Directly applying crossover operators is straightforward from the interface
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above:
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b>eoBinOpDerivedClass<Indi> myBinOp(parameters);
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</b>// use constructor to pass</font></tt>
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</b>//
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use constructor to pass</font></tt>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b>eoQuadOpDerivedClass<Indi> myQuadOp(parameters);
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</b>//
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any useful argument</font></tt>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b>Indi eo1= ..., eo2= ...; </b>//
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the candidates to crossover</font></tt>
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<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">if (myBinOp(eo1, eo2))</font></tt></b>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> { ...
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> { ...
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</b>// eo1 has been modified, <b>not</b> eo2</font></tt>
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<br><b><tt><font color="#993300"> }</font></tt></b>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b>else ...
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b>else ...
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</b>// none has been modified</font></tt>
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<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">if (myQuadOp(eo1, eo2))</font></tt></b>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> { ...
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> { ...
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</b>// both eo1 and eo2 have been modified</font></tt>
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<br><b><tt><font color="#993300"> }</font></tt></b>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b>else ...
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b>else ...
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</b>// none has been modified</font></tt>
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<p>However, you will hardly have to actually apply operators to individuals,
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@ -225,13 +225,12 @@ above:
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b>Indi eo = ...;
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/</b>/ eo is candidate to mutation</font></tt>
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<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">if (myMutation(eo))</font></tt></b>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> { ...
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</b>// eo has been modified</font></tt>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> { ... </b>//
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eo has been modified</font></tt>
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<br><b><tt><font color="#993300"> }</font></tt></b>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b>else
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</b>// eo has not been modified</font></tt>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b>else
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</b>//
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eo has not been modified</font></tt>
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<p>However, you will hardly have to actually apply operators to individuals,
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as operators are used within other classes, and are applied systematically
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to whole sets of individuals (e.g. that have already been selected, in
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@ -303,29 +302,47 @@ but rather through objects of type <a href="#general_combination">eoOpContainer<
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<p>This results in the following general interface for an <b><font color="#CC33CC">eoGenOp</font></b>:
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It receives as argument an <b><font color="#999900">eoPopulator</font></b>,
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gets the individuals it needs using the <b><tt><font color="#993300">operator*</font></tt></b>,
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and must handle the positinning of the using the <b><tt><font color="#993300">operator++</font></tt></b>
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method.
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and must handle the positinning of the using the <b><tt><font color="#993300">++operator</font></tt></b>
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method (<b><font color="#FF6600">Warning</font></b>: the <b><tt><font color="#993300">operator++</font></tt></b>
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method is not defined, as recommended by many good-programming-style books).
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<p><a NAME="apply"></a><b><tt><font color="#993300">bool apply()(</font><font color="#999900">eoPopulator</font><font color="#993300">&
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_pop)</font></tt></b>
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<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">{</font></tt></b>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> EOT& parent1 = *_pop;
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</b>//
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select the first parent</font></tt>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> ++_plop;
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</b>// advance once for each selected parents</font></tt>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> ++_plop;
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</b>//
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advance once for each selected parents</font></tt>
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<br><b><tt><font color="#993300"> ...</font></tt></b>
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<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> EOT& parentN = *_pop;
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</b>//
|
||||
select the last parent</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b>
|
||||
|
||||
</b>// don't advance after the last one: _plop always</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> </b>//
|
||||
don't advance after the last one: _plop always</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300">
|
||||
// points to the last that has already been treated</font></tt>
|
||||
<p><tt><font color="#993300">// do whatever the operator is supposed to
|
||||
do</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">}</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<p><b><font color="#FF6600">Warning</font></b>: as said above, an eoPopulator
|
||||
should always point to the last individual that has already been treated.
|
||||
This is because it is intended to be used within a loop that looks like
|
||||
(see e.g. <b><tt><a href="../../doc/html/classeo_general_breeder.html">eoBreeder</a></tt></b>
|
||||
class):
|
||||
<p><tt><font color="#993300"><b> eoSelectivePopulator<EOT>
|
||||
popit(_parents, _offspring, select);</b> // eoSelect
|
||||
is an eoSelectOne</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300"> while (_offspring.size()
|
||||
< target)</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">
|
||||
{</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">
|
||||
op(popit);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">
|
||||
++it;</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">
|
||||
}</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<p><b><font color="#FF6600">What happens next?</font></b> Well, it all
|
||||
depends on how many parents and how many offspring your general op needs:
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
|
|
@ -340,9 +357,7 @@ were parents</font>, it needs to insert them into the list using the <b><tt><fon
|
|||
method of the class <b><font color="#999900">eoPopulator</font></b> as
|
||||
in the following:</li>
|
||||
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<p><b><tt><font color="#993300">void apply()(</font><font color="#999900">eoPopulator</font><font color="#993300">&
|
||||
<p><br><b><tt><font color="#993300">void apply()(</font><font color="#999900">eoPopulator</font><font color="#993300">&
|
||||
_pop)</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">{</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> </b>// get the necessary number
|
||||
|
|
@ -380,10 +395,8 @@ outside the curent list, so the total number of (intermediate) offspring
|
|||
is always equal to the initial population size. By chance, the <b><font color="#999900">eoPopulator</font></b>has
|
||||
a handle on the initial population that was used to start the process,
|
||||
and you can access it from inside the GenOp method. For instance</li>
|
||||
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<p><b><tt><font color="#993300">void apply()(</font><font color="#999900">eoPopulator</font><font color="#993300">&
|
||||
<b><tt><font color="#993300"></font></tt></b>
|
||||
<p><br><b><tt><font color="#993300">void apply()(</font><font color="#999900">eoPopulator</font><font color="#993300">&
|
||||
_pop)</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">{</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> </b>// get as many parents as you
|
||||
|
|
@ -414,8 +427,8 @@ If you don't care about the size of the offspring population (that is,
|
|||
if that size os controlled elsewhere, e.g. in some external loop), you
|
||||
can use the inbedded select method of the class <b><font color="#999900">eoPopulator</font></b>.
|
||||
For instance</li>
|
||||
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">void apply()(</font><font color="#999900">eoPopulator</font><font color="#993300">&
|
||||
<b><tt><font color="#993300"></font></tt></b>
|
||||
<p><br><b><tt><font color="#993300">void apply()(</font><font color="#999900">eoPopulator</font><font color="#993300">&
|
||||
_pop)</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">{</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> </b>// get as many parents as you
|
||||
|
|
@ -555,7 +568,8 @@ of parents, then you <b><font color="#FF6600">must</font></b> use an <b><font co
|
|||
to apply the variation operators to the population, and thus get exactly
|
||||
the number of offspring you want.
|
||||
<p><b><font color="#FF0000">Example</font></b>: An <b><font color="#CC33CC">eoSelectivePopulator</font></b>
|
||||
is the main ingredient of the <b><tt><font color="#FF6666">eoGeneralBreeder</font></tt></b><a href="../../doc/html/eogeneralbreeder_h-source.html#l00061">operator()
|
||||
is the main ingredient of the <b><tt><font color="#FF6666">eoGeneralBreeder
|
||||
</font></tt></b><a href="../../doc/html/eogeneralbreeder_h-source.html#l00061">operator()
|
||||
method</a> - a class that creates a population of offspring from the parents
|
||||
applying an eoGenOp (usually an eoOpContainer) to all selected parents
|
||||
in turn.
|
||||
|
|
@ -758,17 +772,21 @@ _pop)</font></tt></b>
|
|||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">{</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> EOT & eo1 = *_pop; </b>// get
|
||||
(select if necessary) the first guy</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300"> EOT & maBlonde = </font><font color="#009900">findBlonde</font><font color="#993300">(_pop.source());
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300"> EOT maBlonde = </font><font color="#009900">findBlonde</font><font color="#993300">(_pop.source());
|
||||
</font></tt></b><tt><font color="#993300">//
|
||||
select mate</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"> // do whatever the operator is supposed
|
||||
to do</font></tt>
|
||||
to do, e.g</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"> <b>cross(eo1, maBonde);</b>
|
||||
// cross is some embedded crossover</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"> <b>...</b></font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"> // if you want to put maBlonde into
|
||||
the offspring, you must</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> ++_pop;
|
||||
|
||||
</b>// advance</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"> // if you don't want to put maBlonde
|
||||
into the offspring,</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"> // stop here (and use a reference
|
||||
to maBlonde above). Otherwise</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"> <b>maBonde.invalidate();</b></font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"><b> ++_pop; </b>//
|
||||
advance</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><tt><font color="#993300"> <b>_pop.insert(maBlonde);</b>
|
||||
// and insert it</font></tt>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">}</font></tt></b>
|
||||
|
|
@ -776,7 +794,8 @@ the offspring, you must</font></tt>
|
|||
selector comes from? As usual, you have to attach it to the operator,
|
||||
in its constructor for instance, which should give something like:
|
||||
<p><b><tt><font color="#993300">sexualSelectorType<Indi> findBlonde;</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">sexualOperatorType<Indi> yourBrainAndMyBeauty(findBlonde);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">sexualOperatorType<Indi> yourBrainAndMyBeauty(cross,
|
||||
findBlonde);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<hr WIDTH="100%"><b><font color="#FF0000">Local</font></b>: <a href="#introduction">Introduction</a>
|
||||
- <a href="#crossover">Crossover</a> - <a href="#mutation">Mutation</a>
|
||||
|
|
@ -790,10 +809,10 @@ documentation</a></font></font></b>
|
|||
<br>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<address>
|
||||
<a href="mailto:Marc.Schoenauer@polytechnique.fr">Marc Schoenauer</a></address>
|
||||
<a href="mailto:Marc.Schoenauer@inria.fr">Marc Schoenauer</a></address>
|
||||
|
||||
<br><!-- Created: Mon Oct 30 07:27:13 CET 2000 --><!-- hhmts start -->Last
|
||||
modified: Sat. Feb. 17 2001 <!-- hhmts end -->
|
||||
modified: Sat. Feb. 17 2002 <!-- hhmts end -->
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -2,23 +2,22 @@
|
|||
<html>
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
|
||||
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.75 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.2.17-21mdk i686) [Netscape]">
|
||||
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.78 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.4.7-10 i686) [Netscape]">
|
||||
<title>EO Programming guide</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body text="#000000" link="#0000EE" vlink="#551A8B" alink="#FF0000" background="beige009.jpg">
|
||||
<b><font color="#CC0000">General: </font></b><a href="eoTutorial.html">Tutorial
|
||||
main page </a>-
|
||||
<a href="eoTopDown.html">Algorithm-Based</a>
|
||||
- <a href="eoBottomUp.html">Component-Based</a>
|
||||
- <a href="eoProgramming.html">Programming
|
||||
hints</a> - <font face="Arial,Helvetica"><a href="../../doc/html/index.html">EO
|
||||
<a href="eoTopDown.html">Algorithm-Based</a> - <a href="eoBottomUp.html">Component-Based</a>
|
||||
- <a href="eoProgramming.html">Programming hints</a> - <font face="Arial,Helvetica"><a href="../../doc/html/index.html">EO
|
||||
documentation</a></font>
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
<hr WIDTH="100%"><b><font color="#CC0000">Local: </font></b><a href="#templates">Templates</a>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<a href="#functors">Functors</a> -
|
||||
<a href="#STL">STL Library</a> - <a href="#random">Random
|
||||
numbers</a> - <a href="#notations">EO programming style</a>
|
||||
numbers</a> - <a href="#notations">EO programming style</a> - <a href="#memory">Memory
|
||||
management</a>
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
<hr WIDTH="100%">
|
||||
<center>
|
||||
|
|
@ -77,11 +76,14 @@ into three derived class. These classes tell you immediately what kind
|
|||
of arguments the <b><tt><font color="#993300">operator()</font></tt></b>
|
||||
method requires and what kind of result it produces. See <a href="#notations">EO
|
||||
conventions</a>, and the <b><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=+1><a href="../../doc/html/classeo_functor_base.html">inheritance
|
||||
diagram of class eoFunctorBase</a>.</font></font></b>
|
||||
diagram of class eoFunctorBase</a>. </font></font></b> Also note that
|
||||
if you create new functors, you should also derive from one of these classes,
|
||||
as it is mandatory if you later use the EO <a href="#memory">memory management
|
||||
mechanism</a>.
|
||||
<br>For a more complete introduction to functors, with detailed discussion,
|
||||
go to the <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/functors.html">STL
|
||||
documentation</a> - as STL also heavily relies on functors, and the eoFunctorBase
|
||||
paradigm is borrowed from there.
|
||||
go to the <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/functors.html">STL documentation</a>
|
||||
- as STL also heavily relies on functors, and the eoFunctorBase paradigm
|
||||
is borrowed from there.
|
||||
<p><b><font color="#FF0000">Functors:</font><font color="#000099"> Example:</font></b>
|
||||
<p>The following is a basic example of how to program and use a functor
|
||||
object: First code the class:
|
||||
|
|
@ -372,7 +374,13 @@ myfunction(unsigned </font><font color="#FF6600">_popSize</font><font color="#99
|
|||
The initialization parameters of constructors should be named from the
|
||||
names of the variables they are used to initialize, e.g.</li>
|
||||
|
||||
<p><br><b><tt><font color="#993300">class eoMyClass</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
<p><b><tt><font color="#993300">class eoMyClass</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">{</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">public:</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300"> eoMyClass(unsigned _popSize):</font><font color="#FF6600">popSize(_popSize)</font><font color="#993300">{...}</font></tt></b>
|
||||
|
|
@ -396,18 +404,91 @@ or <b><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=+1><a href="../../doc/html/c
|
|||
Blabla</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
|
||||
<hr WIDTH="100%">
|
||||
<br><a NAME="memory"></a><b><font color="#000099"><font size=+1>EO memory
|
||||
management</font></font></b>
|
||||
<p>Most of EO constructs are based on the <b><font color="#FF6600">encapsulation</font></b>
|
||||
of objects into other objects, and the embedded objects are passed through
|
||||
the constructor of the embedding object.
|
||||
<br>For instance, the construction of an algorithm requires a breeder (plus
|
||||
many other things of course), the construction of a breeder usually requires
|
||||
a selector, and in turn the construction of a selector requires some parameters.
|
||||
This gives something resembling the following
|
||||
<p><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoTournamentSelection<EOT> select(tSize);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoBreeder<EOT> breed(select);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoEasyAlgo<EOT> algo( ..., breed, ...);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<p>Such a practice is no problem when doing <b><font color="#FF6600">everything
|
||||
in a (large!) main function</font></b>: all objects are local to that function,
|
||||
but when the end of the function is also the end of the program. For instance,
|
||||
all programs in <a href="eoLesson1.html">Lesson1</a>, <a href="eoLesson2.html">Lesson2</a>
|
||||
and <a href="eoLesson3.html">Lesson3</a> of this tutorial are built that
|
||||
way.
|
||||
<p>It is however a big problem when you want to outsource some code in
|
||||
other functions: indeed, the above sequence create objects that <b><font color="#FF6600">dissapear</font></b>
|
||||
when exiting the function, and thus cannot be used outside their defining
|
||||
function.
|
||||
<p>The solution is of course to use <b><font color="#FF6600">pointers</font></b>,
|
||||
which gives something like
|
||||
<p><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoTournamentSelection<EOT> *ptSelect
|
||||
= new eoTournamentSelection<EOT>(tSize);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoBreeder<EOT> *ptBreed = new eoBreeder<EOT>(select);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoEasyAlgo<EOT> *ptAlgo = new eoEasyAlgo<EOT>(
|
||||
..., breed, ...);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<p>and you can then use the dynamically allocated objects anywhere. But
|
||||
the trouble with such a construct is that after exiting the function where
|
||||
such objects are defined, <b><font color="#FF6600">you will never be able
|
||||
to free</font></b> this allocated memory, should you not need the objects
|
||||
any nore. Whereas this is not in general a big problem (except of being
|
||||
a very bad practice that will make you a very naughty programmer :-), it
|
||||
will prevent any re-entrance of the resulting code, and for instance you
|
||||
will not be able to use an evolutionary algorithm within another loop of
|
||||
some outside code.
|
||||
<p>The solution in EO us to use an <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1><a href="../../doc/html/classeo_functor_store.html">eoFunctorStore</a></font></font></tt></b>
|
||||
object to store such nowhere-belonging pointers: whenever you allocate
|
||||
such a thing, store it into an eoState : deleting that state will delete
|
||||
all the stored pointers - one eoState is thus the only object you have
|
||||
to care of.
|
||||
<p>The above pointera llocation sequence thus become
|
||||
<p><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoTournamentSelection<EOT> *ptSelect
|
||||
= new eoTournamentSelection<EOT>(tSize);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">state.storeFunctor(ptSelect);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoBreeder<EOT> *ptBreed = new eoBreeder<EOT>(select);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">state.storeFunctor(ptBreed);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoEasyAlgo<EOT> *ptAlgo = new eoEasyAlgo<EOT>(
|
||||
..., breed, ...);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">state.storeFunctor(ptAlgo);</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<p>or, even more quickly (though less readably)
|
||||
<p><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoTournamentSelection<EOT> *ptSelect
|
||||
=</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">
|
||||
state.storeFunctor(new eoTournamentSelection<EOT>(tSize));</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoBreeder<EOT> *ptBreed =</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">
|
||||
state.storeFunctor(new eoBreeder<EOT>(select));</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoEasyAlgo<EOT> *ptAlgo =</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<br><b><tt><font color="#993300">
|
||||
state.storeFunctor(new eoEasyAlgo<EOT>( ..., breed, ...));</font></tt></b>
|
||||
<p>In both the above code, state is an <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1>eoFunctorStore</font></font></tt></b>
|
||||
that is of course <b><font color="#FF6600">passed from outside the function</font></b>
|
||||
- and it's called state because in most cases it will actually be an eoState.
|
||||
As its name says, an <b><tt><font color="#993300"><font size=+1>eoFunctorStore</font></font></tt></b>
|
||||
can store any object that is an (derives from) <b><tt><font size=+1><a href="../../doc/html/classeo_functor_base.html">eoFunctorBase</a></font></tt></b>
|
||||
- hence all objects in EO that are used as functors should derive from
|
||||
either <a href="#functors">eoF, eoUF or eBF</a>.
|
||||
<p>Examples of such constructs are shown in the make_xxx files described
|
||||
in <a href="eoLesson4.html">Lesson4</a>.
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
<hr WIDTH="100%"><b><font color="#CC0000">Local: </font></b><a href="#templates">Templates</a>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<a href="#functors">Functors</a> -
|
||||
<a href="#STL">STL Library</a> - <a href="#random">Random
|
||||
numbers</a> - <a href="#notations">EO programming style</a>
|
||||
numbers</a> - <a href="#notations">EO programming style</a> - <a href="#memory">Memory
|
||||
management</a>
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
<hr WIDTH="100%">
|
||||
<br><b><font color="#CC0000">General: </font></b><a href="eoTutorial.html">Tutorial
|
||||
main page </a>- <a href="eoTopDown.html">Algorithm-Based</a>
|
||||
- <a href="eoBottomUp.html">Component-Based</a>
|
||||
- <a href="eoProgramming.html">Programming
|
||||
hints</a> - <font face="Arial,Helvetica"><a href="../../doc/html/index.html">EO
|
||||
main page </a>- <a href="eoTopDown.html">Algorithm-Based</a> - <a href="eoBottomUp.html">Component-Based</a>
|
||||
- <a href="eoProgramming.html">Programming hints</a> - <font face="Arial,Helvetica"><a href="../../doc/html/index.html">EO
|
||||
documentation</a></font>
|
||||
<br>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
|
|||
<html>
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
|
||||
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.75 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.2.17-21mdk i686) [Netscape]">
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.78 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.4.7-10 i686) [Netscape]">
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<title>Tutorial EO</title>
|
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</head>
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<body text="#000000" link="#0000EF" vlink="#51188E" alink="#FF0000" background="beige009.jpg">
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@ -18,14 +18,12 @@ and to</font></b></center>
|
|||
<font color="#FF0000">EO Tutorial</font></h1></center>
|
||||
|
||||
<center><font color="#FF0000">Version 0.96 - Nov. 12 2001</font>
|
||||
<br><b><font color="#FF6600">Nothing really new</font></b> in this
|
||||
version of the tutorial since
|
||||
<a href="eoLesson4.html">Lesson4</a>, that includes a user guide of
|
||||
fully operational program for bitstrings and real-valued with
|
||||
full support of ES self-adaptive mutation strategies. But EO
|
||||
itself keeps advancing: for instance, this snapshot now
|
||||
<b><font color="#FF0000">compiles in MSVC++ v. 6.0</font></b></center>
|
||||
|
||||
<br><b><font color="#FF6600">Nothing really new</font></b> in this version
|
||||
of the tutorial since <a href="eoLesson4.html">Lesson4</a>, that includes
|
||||
a user guide of fully operational program for bitstrings and real-valued
|
||||
with full support of ES self-adaptive mutation strategies. But EO itself
|
||||
keeps advancing: for instance, this snapshot now <b><font color="#FF0000">compiles
|
||||
in MSVC++ v. 6.0</font></b></center>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Welcome to EO tutorial/on-line documentation.
|
||||
<p>Please note that <b><font color="#FF6600">this tutorial is not supposed
|
||||
|
|
@ -195,7 +193,7 @@ case you make rapid progress ... This menu bar should be on all pages of
|
|||
this tutorial, allowing you to navigate easily.
|
||||
<p>Last, but not least: EO is improving only from the good will of
|
||||
contributors. This is also true for this tutorial: If you find anything
|
||||
that you think could be improved, you are welcome to <a href="mailto:Marc.Schoenauer@polytechnique.fr">e-mail
|
||||
that you think could be improved, you are welcome to <a href="mailto:Marc.Schoenauer@inria.fr">e-mail
|
||||
me</a>.
|
||||
<center>
|
||||
<p><font color="#000099"><font size=+2>Enjoy!
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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