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Adding the Lesson5 - how to create your own genotype

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@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ hints</a> - <b><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=+1><a href="../../doc/htm
documentation
<hr WIDTH="100%"></a></font></font><font color="#CC0000">Local: </font></b><a href="#introduction">Introduction</a>&nbsp;
- <a href="#selection">Selection</a> - <a href="#replacement">Replacement</a>
- <a href="#popular">Popular evolution engines</a> - <a href="#tournament">Tournaments</a>
- <a href="#merge">Merge</a> - <a href="#reduce">Reduce</a> - <a href="#howmany">HowMany</a>
- <a href="#SAD">SurviveAndDie</a>
- <a href="#general">General Replacement</a> - <a href="#popular">Popular
evolution engines</a> - <a href="#tournament">Tournaments</a> - <a href="#merge">Merge</a>
- <a href="#reduce">Reduce</a> - <a href="#howmany">HowMany</a> - <a href="#SAD">SurviveAndDie</a>
<hr WIDTH="100%">
<center>
<h1>
@ -314,6 +314,8 @@ the&nbsp; that uses a deterministic MergeReduce.</li>
<br>&nbsp;
<p>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;
<p><b><font color="#FF0000">Note</font></b>: The basic use (and initial
motivation) for <b><tt><font color="#009900">eoSurviveAndDie</font></tt></b>
takes 2 arguments, an eoMergeReduce and a number of surviving parents.
@ -350,11 +352,81 @@ above replacement procedures within a very simple and easy-to-monitor Dummy
EO class.
<p>
<hr WIDTH="100%">
<br><a NAME="general"></a><b><font color="#000099"><font size=+2>General
Replacement: eoReduceMergeReduce</font></font></b>
<p>In an attempt to unify all the well-known replacements, plus most of
the less-known-though-often-used, the <b><tt><font color="#009900">eoReduceMergeReduce</font></tt></b>
replacement has been designed, and supersedes all of the above instances.
<br>It allows to implement <b><font color="#FF0000">strong elistism</font></b>
(i.e. some parents survive, whatever their fitness and that of the offspring),
as well as multiple weak elistism (the best parents are put back in the
next population if they outperform the best offspring).
<p>Basically, an <b><tt><font color="#009900">eoReduceMergeReduce</font></tt></b>
starts by eventually preserving the (strong) elite parents, proceeds by
reducing both the parent and offspring populations, merges those populations,
and eventually reduces the resulting populations (augmented with the elite
parents) to the right size. Last, the weak elitism is taken care of if
necessary.
<br>The following image, taken from the graphical interface of EASEA, somehow
demonstrates the different parameters of an <b><tt><font color="#009900">eoReduceMergeReduce.</font></tt></b>
<br>
<hr WIDTH="50%">
<br><b><font color="#000099">eoReduceMergeReduce: </font><font color="#FF0000">The&nbsp;
interface</font></b>
<br>Of course the interface is that of eoReplacement. Let's concentrate
on the constructor.
<p>The constructor takes 6 arguments:
<ol>
<li>
<b><tt><font color="#993300">eoHowMany elite</font></tt></b> determines
the number of parents to be treated as elite (actual behavior determined
by next parameter) using the <a href="#howmany">eoHowMany</a> behavior.</li>
<li>
<b><tt><font color="#993300">bool strongElitism</font></tt></b> tells whether
the elite above corresponds to strong (true) or false(weak) elitism.</li>
<br><b><font color="#FF0000">Note</font></b>: the case of no elitism is
obtained by setting elite to 0
<li>
<b><tt><font color="#993300">eoHowMany reducedParents </font></tt></b>gives
the number of parents remaining after reducing them</li>
<br><b><font color="#FF0000">Note</font></b>: 0 means that no parent survive
(except the possible elite), as in <b><tt><font color="#009900">eoCommaReplacement</font></tt></b>
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1 is used inside <b><tt><font color="#009900">eoSSGAReplacement</font></tt></b>s
(one parent is killed to make room for the newborn)
<li>
<b><tt><font color="#993300">eoReduce&lt;EOT> &amp; reduceParents</font></tt></b>
indicates how the parents will be reduced (see <a href="#reduce">available
instances</a>).</li>
<li>
<b><tt><font color="#993300">eoHowMany reducedOffspring </font></tt></b>gives
the number of offspring remaining after reducing them</li>
<br><b><font color="#FF0000">Note</font></b>: 0 is impossible (no evolution!!!)
<li>
<b><tt><font color="#993300">eoReduce&lt;EOT> &amp; reduceOffspring</font></tt></b>
indicates how the offspring will be reduced (see <a href="#reduce">available
instances</a>).</li>
<li>
<b><tt><font color="#993300">eoReduce&lt;EOT> &amp; reduceFinal</font></tt></b>
indicates how the merged reduced-parents/reduced-offspring will be reduced
(see <a href="#reduce">available instances</a>).</li>
<br><b><font color="#FF0000">Note</font></b>: the number of individuals
remaining after that reduction is of course the original size of the population.</ol>
All popular evolution engines use some replacement procedure that can be
viewed as an instance of an <b><tt><font color="#009900">eoReduceMergeReduce</font></tt></b>.
<br>Moreover, a <b><font color="#FF0000">parser-based</font></b> input
of a general&nbsp; is proposed in file do/make_checkpoint.h.
<br>
<hr WIDTH="100%">
<br><a NAME="popular"></a><b><font color="#000099"><font size=+2>Popular
evolution engines</font></font></b>
<p>This section will be completed soon - in the meantime just trust us
that all of these are already implemented in EO (except maybe some of the
last category :-) !!!!!!
<p>The most popular evolution engines are listed below, together with the
way to use them in EO. If you don't find your particuler algorithm, please
send it to us, and we might include it here! In the following, P will denote
@ -372,10 +444,10 @@ a positive scalar fitness</font></b><font color="#000000">, ranking or
tournament (stochatic or deterministic) in all cases.</font>
<br><font color="#FF0000">Replacement:</font><font color="#000000"> Generational.</font>
<br><font color="#FF0000">Remark:</font><font color="#000000"> You could
use also the Comma replacement, with exactly the same result as there are
as many offspring as we need indiviudals in the next population. And using
the eoSSGAWorseReplacement would also give the same result, but would be
very inefficient!</font>
use also the </font><b><tt><font color="#009900">eoCommaReplacement</font></tt></b><font color="#000000">,
with exactly the same result as there are as many offspring as we need
indiviudals in the next population. And using the </font><b><tt><font color="#009900">eoSSGAWorseReplacement</font></tt></b><font color="#000000">
would also give the same result, but would be very inefficient!</font>
<br><font color="#000000">You can also add <a href="#weakelitism">weak
elitism</a> to preserve the best individual.</font>
<li>
@ -461,7 +533,7 @@ is implemented in the <b><tt><font color="#009900">eoDetTournamentSelect</font><
class, a sub-class of eoSelectOne, as well as in the <b><tt><font color="#009900">eoDetTournamentTruncate</font></tt></b>
class that repeatidly removes from the population the "winner" of the inverse
tournament.&nbsp; These objects use the C++ function determinitic_tournament
in&nbsp; <a href="../../doc/html/selectors_8h-source.html">selectors.h</a>.</li>
in&nbsp; <a href="../../doc/html/selectors_h-source.html">selectors.h</a>.</li>
<li>
<a NAME="stochTournament"></a><b><tt><font color="#009900">Stochastic Tournament</font></tt></b>
@ -471,7 +543,7 @@ parameter R should be in [0.5,1]. It is implemented in the <b><tt><font color="#
class, a sub-class of eoSelectOne, as well as in the <b><tt><font color="#009900">eoStochTournamentTruncate</font></tt></b>
class that repeatidly removes from the population the "winner" of the inverse
tournament.&nbsp; These objects use the C++ function determinitic_tournament
in&nbsp; <a href="../../doc/html/selectors_8h-source.html">selectors.h</a>.</li>
in&nbsp; <a href="../../doc/html/selectors_h-source.html">selectors.h</a>.</li>
<br><b><font color="#FF0000">Note</font></b>: A stochastic tournament with
rate 1.0 is strictly identical to a deterministic tournament of size 2.
@ -592,21 +664,29 @@ as parameter in the constructor (default is 0.75).</li>
<br><a NAME="howmany"></a><b><font color="#000099"><font size=+2>eoHowMany:
Choosing a number of individuals</font></font></b>
<p>Many classes in selection/replacement procedures will handle a number
of individuals that may either be fixed or be a fraction of some argument-population
of individuals that may either be fixed or be related to some argument-population
size.
<br>Of course, it is possible to write two different classes that will
only differ by the way they compute the number of individuals they have
to treat, as it is done for selectors with the two classes <font color="#009900">eoSelectPerc</font>
<br>Of course, it is possible to write different classes that will only
differ by the way they compute the number of individuals they have to treat,
as it is done for selectors with the two classes <font color="#009900">eoSelectPerc</font>
and <font color="#009900">eoSelectNumber</font> (it could also have been
possible to have some pure abstrat class and implement the computation
of the number of individuals to treat in some derived classes).
<br>However, rather than multiply the number of class, EO has defined a
class that will handle the problem once and for all, the class <b><tt><font color="#993300">eoHowMany</font></tt></b>.
It receives a <b><tt><font color="#993300">double</font></tt></b>, and
a <b><tt><font color="#993300">boolean</font></tt></b> indicating whether
that double is to be treated <b><font color="#FF6600">as a rate</font></b>
or as <b><font color="#FF6600">an absolute (unisgned) interger.</font></b>
<br>
<br>However, the class <b><tt><font color="#993300">eoHowMany</font></tt></b>
allows one to handle in a single class three different behaviors when given
a poopulatio size as argument:
<ul>
<li>
return a given rate of the argument population size</li>
<li>
return an absolute (unsigned) integer, whatever the argument population
size</li>
<li>
return the argument population size minus a given number</li>
</ul>
<hr WIDTH="50%">
<br><b><font color="#000099">eoHowMany</font></b>: <b><font color="#FF0000">interface</font></b>
<br>The class interface for its <tt><font color="#993300">operator()</font></tt>
@ -618,16 +698,34 @@ is
as you see there that <b><tt><font color="#993300">eoHowMany</font></tt></b>
derives from
<br><tt><font color="#993300">class eoUF&lt;unsigned int, unsigned int></font></tt>.
<p>Its constructor takes 2 argumenrts:
<center>
<p><b><tt><font color="#993300">eoHowMany(double _rate, bool _interpret_as_rate
= true)</font></tt></b></center>
so by default the double is indeed interpreted as a rate.
<p>It is used in <font color="#009900">eoSelectMany</font> (which supersedes
<p>It has 3 possible constructors, that determine its behavior:
<ul>
<li>
<b><tt><font color="#993300">eoHowMany(double _rate, bool _interpret_as_rate
= true)</font></tt></b> where <b><tt><font color="#993300">_rate</font></tt></b>
is by default the fixed rate of behavior 1 above. However, if the boolean
second argument is false, the rate is transformed into a positive integer,
and is used for behavior 2 above</li>
<li>
<b><tt><font color="#993300">eoHowMany(int _combien)</font></tt></b>: if
<b><tt><font color="#993300">_combien</font></tt></b>
is positive, it is the absolute number of behavior 2 above, and if <b><tt><font color="#993300">_combien</font></tt></b>
is negative, its absolute value is used to decrease the argument population
in behavior 3 above</li>
<li>
<b><tt><font color="#993300">eoHowMany(unsigned int _combien)</font></tt></b>:
<b><tt><font color="#993300">_combien</font></tt></b>
(positive!)&nbsp; is the absolute number of behavior 2 above. <b><font color="#FF6600">Note</font></b>
that this constructor is mandatory to avoid ambiguity, as an unsigned int
can be casted to either an int or a double.</li>
</ul>
It is used in <font color="#009900">eoSelectMany</font> (which supersedes
<font color="#009900">eoSelectPerc</font>
and <font color="#009900">eoSelectNumber</font>, but they are left there
for tutorial reasons!) as well as in many <a href="#reduce">truncation</a>
methods.
methods, and it is used a lot in the eoGeneralReplacement construct.
<p>
<hr WIDTH="100%">
<br><a NAME="SAD"></a><b><font color="#000099"><font size=+2>Survive and
@ -661,9 +759,9 @@ should be erased from the source.
<p>
<hr WIDTH="100%"><b><font color="#CC0000">Local: </font></b><a href="#introduction">Introduction</a>&nbsp;
- <a href="#selection">Selection</a> - <a href="#replacement">Replacement</a>
- <a href="#popular">Popular evolution engines</a> - <a href="#tournament">Tournaments</a>
- <a href="#merge">Merge</a> - <a href="#reduce">Reduce</a> - <a href="#howmany">HowMany</a>
- <a href="#SAD">SurviveAndDie</a>
- <a href="#general">General Replacement</a> - <a href="#popular">Popular
evolution engines</a> - <a href="#tournament">Tournaments</a> - <a href="#merge">Merge</a>
- <a href="#reduce">Reduce</a> - <a href="#howmany">HowMany</a> - <a href="#SAD">SurviveAndDie</a>
<br>
<hr WIDTH="100%">
<br><b><font color="#CC0000">General: </font></b><a href="eoTopDown.html">Algorithm-Based</a>